[Social factors of mental health and well-being of older Russians.]

The article highlights social factors of mental health and well-being of older Russians based on the results of wave sociological studies of the perceived quality of life for 2002-2019 and the author's representative survey of older Russians in 2022. Age, gender and employment are the most significant determinants not only of social activity, but also of mental health and emotional well-being. At the same time, the study shows that the pandemic had a multidirectional impact on perceived quality of life among older Russians. Compared to the pre-pandemic situation, after the relaxation of restrictive measures, the parameter of social activity increased significantly, the parameter of mental health remained virtually unchanged, but the emotional problems of elderly Russians became more acute. Due to the severe restrictions for older people, the long period of isolation, and for working pensioners - also due to the need to restructure their work remotely - stress, anxiety and worry have affected everyday life.

Influence of Revitalization on the Social and Economic Well-Being of Residents: Case Study of Lithuania

The lack of public spaces, recreational areas, and sports facilities in older city neighborhoods, as well as the importance of people's social and economic well-being, have been exposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Revitalization is used to update the physical environment of old neighborhoods;it improves not only the physical environment of the neighborhood, but also contributes to ensuring the social and economic well-being of the residents. The article aims to identify which typical revitalization project solutions, only referring to physical environmental improvement projects, improve the social and economic well-being of the residents. To achieve this goal, a statistical analysis of the Žirmūnai triangle residents was performed with obtained survey data. The hypothesized connections between typical revitalization solutions and changes in the social and economic well-being of the population were verified using Pearson's Chi-Square test. The results showed that the public spaces, sports, and playgrounds provided by revitalization were directly related to the social and economic well-being of the residents. As a result of this typical revitalization solution, 17% of the residents experienced an improvement in their economic well-being, 17% of the residents got to know their neighbors, and 95% of the residents indicated that they enjoy living in the neighborhood.

Self-management interventions for people with pulmonary fibrosis: A scoping review

Introduction/Aim: Self-management is considered important in people with pulmonary fibrosis (PF);however, components of self-management that are relevant to PF are not well defined. This study aimed to identify the common self-management components used in PF. Method(s): A scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The protocol was registered with Open Science Framework database (doi: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/EUZ6S). A systematic search was conducted on August 16, 2022, using five electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, CINAHL and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials). Search results were screened and studies were included if they (i) described any educational, behavioural and support components that aimed at facilitating self-management;(ii) involved adults with PF;and (iii) employed quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods. Two researchers performed record screening and data extraction independently followed by discussions of discrepancies. Result(s): Of the 27081 records screened, 87 studies were included (39% observational studies, 26% randomised controlled trials). The most common self-management components were patient education (78%), information or support for managing physical symptoms (66%) and enhancing psychosocial wellbeing (54%). Majority of the included studies (71%) were rehabilitation programs with evidence of self-management training such as home exercise program and breathing training. Other studies included palliative care programs consisting of components such as patient education and care goal setting (12%), support programs for managing medication (4%), home-based self-monitoring training (4%), disease management programs (4%), mindfulness-focused stress reduction program (1%), telemedicine service delivered during the COVID-19 outbreak that included strategies to prevent infections and self-monitoring of clinical parameters (1%) and PF-specific educational and support website (1%). Over half of the interventions were provided by a multidisciplinary team. Conclusion(s): This review identified the common components used to promote self-management in PF. These findings help to guide the development of optimal interventions to support self-management in PF.

The Peculiarities of Students' Subjective Social Well-being Puring the COVID-19 Pandemic Depending on Their University Attendance Mode

The study examined the peculiarities of the subjective social and psychological well-being of general civil and military students during the Covid-19 pandemic, depending on the applied attendance modes: distance or face-to-face. General civil students had higher sleep quality, but they had less social contacts, compared to military students. The integral indicator of subjective social well-being was average in general civil and military students, and the differences were determined only for "social approval" scale, whose value was significantly higher in general civil students. The heaviest barrier in interpersonal communication for general civil and military students was ina-dequate expression of emotions;and inflexibility and vagueness of emotions were the least pronounced. Factors important for general civil students' psychological well-being were social approval, purposeful-ness in their aspirations and emotional matching. At the same time, three factors were determined for military students: perceived independence, social reassurance and emotional control during interactions.

Selecting, Optimizing, and Compensating During Lockdown: How Older Consumers Use Social Networking Services to Improve Social Well-Being

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older consumers have increased their usage of social networking services (SNSs) to avoid social isolation, yet this behavior remains unexplored. Through selective optimization with compensation theory, the authors combine concepts from gerontology and marketing to investigate the following research question: How does older consumers' usage of SNSs during the pandemic interrelate with the constructs of social well-being? The research draws on qualitative data collated during lockdown in the United Kingdom, including 14 semistructured interviews from participants age 65–80 and six months of netnographic data from an online forum geared toward older people. The findings reveal how older consumers leverage three strategies—selection, optimization, and compensation—to improve their use of SNSs and social interactions during lockdowns. Such behaviors in turn interrelate with the dimensions of social well-being: social acceptance, social integration, social contribution, social actualization, and social coherence. This research contributes to the marketing literature by (1) introducing a framework for transformative SNSs into transformative service research, (2) utilizing theory from gerontology studies to further understand the older consumer, and (3) enhancing the sparse understanding of older consumers' use of SNSs. Future research directions and managerial implication are suggested for both marketers and developers of SNSs for aging consumers. © The Author(s) 2023.

Non-profit effectiveness: A multiple case study on effective non-profit leadership approaches

There is limited research on effective leadership approaches in 501(c)(3) non-profit organizations. Non-profit organizations help to build community sustainability. The problem to be addressed by the study is the difficulty of identifying the appropriate leadership approach to use in 501(c)(3) non-profit organizations that enhance community sustainability. This qualitative multiple case study aimed to explore the leadership approaches 501(c)(3) non-profit organization decision makers in North Carolina use and why they perceive these approaches to be effective in enhancing the community sustainability of the communities they serve. The aspect of community sustainability focused on was social well-being. Participants were decision makers in a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in North Carolina;were two executive directors, a president, and a program director, from different 501(c)(3) non-profit organizations;and had experience planning programs and events for the community. The sample size for this study was four. Semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and a leadership checklist were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five themes answered the research question: (a) focused approach, (b) additional approaches, (c) decision making, (d) employee growth, and (e) impact. The findings from this study may help 501(c)(3) non-profit organization leaders understand which leadership approaches may effectively enhance the social well-being of the communities they serve. A limitation of this study is the small sample size due to COVID-19. Another limitation is not being able to talk to all 501(c)(3) non-profit organization decision makers. Future researchers can improve this study by conducting sustained interviews and multiple participant observations in person with each participant. Future researchers should also interview other employees, volunteers, and constituents in the organization. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Intergenerational Integration in Community Building to Improve the Mental Health of Residents-A Case Study of Public Space.

This study defined intergenerational integration in communities at a theoretical level and verified whether a series of measures could facilitate negotiation and communication between community residents and other stakeholders to generate a positive and healthy community environment and gradually improve intergroup relations. Specifically, we applied community psychology and used Hongqiao New Village in Shanghai, China, as a research site to explore intergenerational conflict in public community spaces. The research was divided into two stages: an input stage and an output stage. In the input stage, participatory research and tea parties were used to deeply explore residents' public space requirements. In the output stage, we tested the validity of the theory by using the Intergenerational Attitude Scale to investigate whether the intergenerational relationships were changed by the co-creation intervention. The results showed that the intervention caused a decrease in the incidence of conflict between residents using the square and caused some children to join the older groups in their activities. We thus propose a theoretical system model of intergenerational integration strategies that incorporates elements of integration, disagreement, and synergy in intergenerational interactions. Overall, this paper provides new ideas for building a community environment that supports mental health and improves intergenerational relationships and social well-being.

Older Adult Residents in Cohousing Communities: Impact and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Part 2 (P2) Follow-Up Study

A follow-up cross-sectional study was conducted continuing to explore the experiences of older adults residing in cohousing communities in the United States (U.S.) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the initial study (P1) most participants did not feel lonely or left out but did feel isolated. In the follow-up study (P2) similar results were obtained but a higher percentage of participants felt isolated and were more likely to have self-isolated at some point in time. Many reported that living in cohousing was beneficial to them, both in providing support and allaying stressors related to the pandemic. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

A prospective noninterventional study to evaluate the psychosocial impact of biological treatment outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in the UK: interim results

Patients with psoriasis experience impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and are at risk of depression and anxiety. Although treatment with biological agents reportedly improves HRQoL, there is limited evidence on the impact of biological treatment failure on HRQoL and other aspects of psychosocial well-being. This study aims to evaluate psychosocial wellbeing outcomes in UK patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who experience biological treatment failure and those with an adequate treatment response. This ongoing multicentre, noninterventional study involves adults (aged >= 18 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, currently undergoing treatment with biological therapy within UK practice (target sample: 270 patients). Demographic, clinicopathological and treatment data are obtained from medical records. Patient-reported outcome data are collected prospectively via validated and bespoke questionnaires assessing dimensions of psychosocial wellbeing at baseline and at the closest consultation to months 3, 6, 9, 12 (+/- 6 weeks). Here, we describe interim results for patients enrolled prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Twenty patients were enrolled between 10 January 2020 and 28 March 2020 [mean (SD) age 52 (14.3) years;70% male]. The Table summarizes the interim scores at baseline and month 3 (where available);two patients experienced treatment failure at month 3. Overall, patients reported high levels of anxiety and depression at baseline. Conversely, other aspects of wellbeing were less affected (e.g. HRQoL), while treatment satisfaction and trust levels in healthcare providers were relatively high. Similar trends were observed at month 3, although sample sizes were insufficient to detect any statistical differences between groups. These interim results provide novel insight into the psychosocial wellbeing of patients at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The additional data will improve understanding of patients' wellbeing throughout the pandemic, including real-world outcomes of patients experiencing treatment failure. (Table Presented).

Analysis Of The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Older People's Social Well-Being

The repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic on people's daily lives are immeasurable. effects on healthcare, business, the economy, and society;medical practitioners face difficulties in identifying and treating possible cases;patients with other health issues are often ignored;the healthcare system as a whole is strained. Having supportive relationships is crucial to a healthy mind. There are numerous threats to societal health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Elderly people have a lot of issues because they haven't had any of the pleasures of life since the COVID-19 pandemic. Many lost their eyesight during the pandemic, making even intimate human contact impossible. This left the elderly feeling entirely alone. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic on the social well-being of the elderly by analyzing factors such as social contacts, neighborhood and neighborhood cohesion, material deprivation, main occupation, social isolation, societal institutions, and participation.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

The role of open space and green areas in the design of an inclusive nursing home environment during Covid-19 period

The paper highlights the importance of high-quality outdoor spaces in improving physical and social well-being in the residential environment of the elderly. The historical Swedish practice of green areas design was analysed as a role model to gain knowledge and understanding of the importance of open space and green areas in residential environments. During the Covid-19 pandemic, nursing homes were among the most critical living environments, as evidenced by a disproportionate number of infections and deaths among nursing home residents worldwide. The main objective of this study is to confirm the importance of architectural design quality with special attention to outdoor space, especially in situations comparable to Covid-19 pandemics. The methods used for the research were a literature review, selection of three case studies based on two dependent and one independent variable, on-site work analysis and use of the previously developed "Safe & Connected” assessment tool. The main findings show the positive influence of open space and green areas existence on reducing the risk of infections of SARS-CoV-2 in nursing homes at three different levels. In this context, it appears that the appropriate design of outdoor space can help contain the spread of viral infections while allowing nursing home residents to live with dignity and maximum social integration. © 2022 The Author(s)

Psychological Impact of Online Education on University Students

BACKGROUND: Stressful events like the COVID-19 pandemic can significantly impact education. Online learning has become crucial in educational institutions such as schools, institutes, and universities. AIM: This study's purpose is to evaluate the psychological impact of online education on university students in Al-Madinah Al-Munawara. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered survey is designed based on previous studies and frameworks to assess the psychological impact of online education. RESULTS: The present study showed that 21.8% of students always had trouble concentrating through the online learning process. About 23.4% had thoughts that their ability to study is impaired. About 19.8% found it difficult to work up. There is a negative impact on psychological health because 13.9% feel agitated, 20.8% become nervous, 20.6% become watchful and on guard, and 21.8% are usually distressed and find it difficult to relax. The sleep mode was also affected in 19.0% of participants, besides lack of interest which was noted in 17.7%. Hence, students experienced harmful and unwanted psychological impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown period. CONCLUSION: Results of the present study suggest a relation between online education and the negative psychological status of students. Students experienced increased depression, anxiety, and stress that had a negative effect on their daily schedule and social well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Character and Trust in Crisis Leadership: Probing the Relationships Among Character, Identification-Based Trust, and Perceptions of Effectiveness in Political Leadership During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to explore the relationships among character, identification-based trust, and perceptions of leadership effectiveness in the context of crisis leadership. Focusing on the leadership of Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, we first explore whether Canadians of voting age believe character is important in political leadership during the pandemic. Second, we examine voter perceptions of the importance of the dimensions of character identified by Crossan et al. (2017) and to what extent voters perceive Trudeau demonstrates the behaviors associated with these dimensions. Third, we explore the role of identification-based trust in the relationship between character and perceptions of leadership effectiveness. Fourth, we study the relationships between character, trust, and effectiveness during dynamic conditions where the stakes for citizens with respect to health and social well-being are high. The results of our study connect character to trust and perceived effectiveness of a political leader during a crisis.

COVID-19 Booster Vaccine: is it an absolute need?

Booster vaccine doses are meant to revive the fading immunity created by prior exposure to an immunizing antigen. They stabilize the antibody response ultimately leading to longer and higher protection against pathogens. Immunological studies done for COVID-19 vaccines have documented a steady decrease in antibody levels among vaccinated individuals and evidence of breakthrough infections over a course of time. With an emerging science behind the need for COVID-19 vaccine booster shots, there equally is a contrasting idea regarding its absolute necessity. Copyright © 2021, Kathmandu University. All rights reserved.

Development of emotional competencies in classrooms in times of pandemic-Covid-19: Systematic review

Emotional competencies in the current post-pandemic education has become a challenge in the educational context to appease the confinement demotivation and connectivity inequalities that have affected students' learning after the pandemic-Covib 19. In this sense, the objective has been established to describe the conceptualizations of emotional competencies, their importance and benefits in the current educational context that will allow us to deepen its importance for the development of a comprehensive education. For this purpose, a systematic review was carried out, finding 44 articles that were filtered with the PRISMA methodology, considering the relevance and the field of study, excluding 13 articles that were distant from the educational context and 14 articles that presented duplicity. Only 17 articles were synthe-sized, which allowed us to expand and filter information from high impact journals such as. Scielo 5 (29.4%), Redalyc 6 (35%), Conicet 1 (5.8%), Dialnet 5 (29.4%). This determines that the development of socioemotional competencies are capacities that every human being possesses, and that are developed during the whole life process and that is transcen-dental in the educational process, emotional competencies are a mediator between personal and social wellbeing, in the educational process the development of emotions is indis-pensable for the connection with learning. Copyright © 2022, Venezuelan Society of Pharmacology and Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacology. All rights reserved.

La COVID-19 : « une seconde prison » L'expérience de personnes âgées judiciarisées

La proportion de personnes âgées judiciarisées (PAJ) de 50 ans et plus est en constante augmentation dans les établissements carcéraux. Environ 80 % d'entre elles éprouvent des difficultés sur le plan de leur santé physique et de leur bien-être psychologique et social. L'ensemble de ces difficultés complexifie leur processus de réintégration sociocommunautaire. Or, le contexte de pandémie amène des défis supplémentaires. Cette étude qualitative descriptive aborde l'expérience vécue en regard de la COVID-19 de PAJ en incarcération et son influence perçue sur leur réintégration sociocommunautaire. Des entrevues en profondeur semi-dirigées ont été menées auprès de 22 participants âgés de 50 à 73 ans. L'analyse thématique a permis de mieux comprendre les dimensions du processus de réintégration sociocommunautaire ayant été modulées par la COVID-19 à travers deux périodes charnières du processus, soit lors de l'incarcération et lors du retour en communauté. L'influence de la crise sanitaire sur le processus de retour en société a été plus importante à ses débuts qu'un an plus tard. Les résultats mettent en lumière le manque de cohérence entre les mesures sociosanitaires et les objectifs de réintégration sociocommunautaire.Alternate :Offenders aged 50 and older represent a growing population among the incarcerated. Around 80 % of them struggle with difficulties related to their physical and mental health, as well as their social well-being. These difficulties heavily impacts their social and community reintegration process. The pandemic has given rise to additional and greater challenges. This interpretive descriptive qualitative study aims to comprehend older offenders' experiences related to their incarceration at the time of COVID-19, as well as its perceived influence on their social and community reintegration. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 participants ranging from 50 to 73 years of age. A thematic analysis was conducted to further understand the aspects modulated by COVID-19 during each key period of the social and community reintegration process, namely, while they were incarcerated and while they were released into the community. The pandemic influenced the social and community reintegration process, and had a larger impact on offenders at the beginning of the pandemic, as compared to a year later. Results highlight the lack of consistency between health measures and social and community reintegration objectives.Alternate :La proporción de personas mayores detenidas de 50 años o más de edad está aumentando constantemente en las prisiones. Aproximadamente el 80 % de estas personas tienen dificultades en cuanto a su salud física y su bienestar psicológico y social. Todas estas dificultades hacen más complejo su proceso de reinserción sociocomunitaria. El contexto de la pandemia conlleva retos adicionales. Este estudio cualitativo descriptivo examina la experiencia de los detenidos mayores encarcelados ante el COVID-19 y su influencia percibida en su reintegración socio-comunitaria. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad y semiestructuradas a 22 participantes de entre 50 y 73 años. El análisis temático permitió comprender mejor las dimensiones del proceso de reinserción sociocomunitaria que fueron moduladas por el COVID-19 a lo largo de dos periodos cruciales del proceso, esto es, durante el encarcelamiento y durante el retorno a la comunidad. La influencia de la crisis sanitaria en el proceso de reincorporación a la sociedad fue mayor al principio que un año después. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la falta de coherencia entre las medidas sociosanitarias y los objetivos de reinserción sociocomunitaria.

Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games on Promoting Social Well-Being in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic increased the popularity of online gaming;people used gaming as a coping mechanism to help relieve psychological distress while self-isolating. Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) in particular saw an increase in users through 2020. We present a study of the impact of established communities on social well-being within one MMORPG. We conducted an online survey (402 participants) in World of Warcraft-specific Discord and Reddit communities in March 2021. Our survey consisted of multiple choice and short answer questions to gauge how players' perceived well-being was impacted by in-game relationships and interactions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our qualitative thematic analysis indicated that World of Warcraft helped participants form valued, meaningful relationships with other players, gave them a sense of purpose, and alleviated negative feelings brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on these results, we describe the unique affordances of MMORPG platforms that support social connection, and provide design recommendations to MMORPG developers for facilitating positive social interactions. © 2022 ACM.

Health Fake News in the Covid-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Digital technologies are revamping the world, creating opportunities to increase social well-being while generating challenges associated with sustainable development. The growing popularity of social media, along with the dissemination of information, has led to the emergence of fake news. The misinformation linked to the Covid-19 pandemic has been prolific and a major barrier to dealing with this crisis. In this sense, this study aims to address the underlying challenges and opportunities associated with digital technologies initiatives implemented in Brazil to deal with the spread of health fake news during the Covid-19 pandemic. By analyzing a single longitudinal case study, we investigate how digital technologies were used by government, media groups and civil society to articulate common interests and enforce fundamental rights such as privacy and freedom of expression in a digitally connected society. © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.

Swallowing and communication assessment in tracheostomy patients: Multi-disciplinary-led quality improvement in a busy tertiary teaching hospital

Introduction: Intensive care patients often have complex swallowing and communication needs. These require coordinated input from the multi-disciplinary team. Increasing evidence highlights the role of speech and language therapy (SLT) within the critical care environment1 and this is represented well in national recommendations specific to patients with tracheostomies. Approximately 10-15% of ICU patients will have a tracheostomy nationally.2 SLT provide expertise in assessment and management of communication and swallowing difficulties, which can vastly improve psychosocial well-being and promote early safe enteral feeding for our patients.3 In 2014 On the right trache?4 found that 52% of patients with a tracheostomy suffered with dysphagia, however only 27% critical care patients had input from SLT. Objectives: To improve the assessment of swallowing and communication in patients undergoing tracheostomy ventilation at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, to comply with Scottish Intensive Care Society Audit Group (SICSAG) quality indicator 2.3. This guidance stipulates all tracheostomy patients should have communication and swallowing needs assessed during ventilator wean.5 Methods: Four distinct areas of intervention were implemented. Pre-populated review text was added to NHS Lothian's clinical notation system (InterSystems TrakCare®), prompting nursing staff to consider swallowing, tracheostomy issues and SLT referral. These were refined between audit cycles. SLT were invited to join safety briefs to identify tracheostomy patients, as well as other patients with complex swallowing needs. This was an opportunity to raise awareness, educate, and prioritise workload. New guidelines for nurse-led swallowing observations were developed and disseminated amongst teams. Finally, staff were offered relevant educational sessions. Baseline data was collected in 2019;serial data collection was then during October - November 2020 and in June - July 2021 following the interventions. Results: All patients who received tracheostomy ventilation were audited (n=31). This showed that very few patients had swallowing and communication assessed adequately. Only 16.1% (n=5) patients had a regular nursing swallowing assessment on the majority of critical care days (>50%). Referral to SLT was often very late when patients were approaching de-cannulation and on many occasions by the time the SLT team were involved patients had already been de-cannulated. Following the intervention period, it became apparent that awareness of swallowing requirements had improved. By mid 2021, 58.9% more patients had swallowing assessed as part of daily care. Additionally, 81.2% of patients had SLT reviews on the unit demonstrating a sustained increase from late 2020. There was a notable increase in the quality of assessments after initial SLT review. Conclusion: Using quality improvement methodology our multidisciplinary team was able to substantially increase the quality of swallowing assessment within our ICU, despite the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our unit now complies with SICSAG quality indicator 2.3. This is in keeping with national recommendations for a multidisciplinary approach to care of tracheostomy patients. Patients with increased risk of dysphagia are being identified earlier and are more likely to progress and be established on enteral feeding early, which may subsequently reduce the burden of nasogastric feeding, total parenteral nutrition and even related invasive IV access.